Democracy in the EU stands at a crossroads.

Recent findings in the RED-SPINEL Foresight Policy Research Report (August 2025) [commissioned by the IEE-ULB],reveal that 88% of policymakers, academics, and civil society leaders believe democracy is at risk. Over three-quarters report facing direct challenges to democracy and the rule of law in their daily work.

Trust in EU action is eroding. Only 37% view it as constructive, while the majority describe it as marginal or neutral. Concerns include selective enforcement, political constraints, and institutional inertia.

Yet, amid the concern, there is still cautious optimism. Experts believe the EU can leverage its institutional tools, political weight, and citizen engagement to reform and reinforce democratic norms.

The conclusion is clear: democracy cannot be taken for granted. It must be actively defended, nurtured, and made more inclusive. Europe’s future depends on it.